1. Axial Force Generation da Daidaita Ka'idojin

The axial Forces inmultistage  famfo injin turbin tsaye  da farko sun ƙunshi sassa biyu:

● Bangaren ƙarfin centrifugal:Ruwan radial na ruwa saboda ƙarfin centrifugal yana haifar da bambance-bambancen matsa lamba tsakanin murfin gaba da na baya na impeller, yana haifar da ƙarfin axial (yawanci ana nufi zuwa mashigar tsotsa).

● Tasirin bambancin matsin lamba:Bambancin matsa lamba a kowane mataki yana ƙara ƙara ƙarfin axial.

Hanyoyin daidaitawa:

● Tsare-tsare mai ƙima:Yin amfani da maƙallan tsotsa sau biyu (ruwa yana shiga daga ɓangarorin biyu) yana rage bambancin matsa lamba na unidirectional, rage ƙarfin axial zuwa matakan yarda (10% -30%).

● Ma'aunin ƙira:Radial ko ramukan da bai dace ba a cikin murfin baya na impeller yana tura ruwa mai matsa lamba baya zuwa mashigai, yana daidaita bambance-bambancen matsa lamba. Dole ne a inganta girman rami ta hanyar lissafin kuzarin ruwa don guje wa hasara mai inganci.

● Ƙirar ƙira mai juyawa:Ƙara ruwan wukake na baya (masu kishiyar manyan ruwan wukake) a mataki na ƙarshe yana haifar da ƙarfi-centrifugal don rage nauyin axial. Yawanci ana amfani da su a cikin manyan famfo (misali, multistage verticalturbinepumps).

2. Radial Load Generation da Daidaitawa

Radial lodi ya samo asali daga inertia sojojin a lokacin juyi, ruwa mara daidaituwa rarraba matsa lamba, da saura rashin daidaituwa a cikin rotor taro. Matakan da aka tara nauyin radial a cikin famfuna masu matakai da yawa na iya haifar da jujjuyawar zafi, girgiza, ko kuskuren rotor.

Dabarun daidaitawa:

● Haɓaka alamomin impeller:

o Daidaita-ko da ruwan wukake (misali, ruwan wukake 5 + 7) yana rarraba karfin radial daidai gwargwado.

Daidaitaccen daidaitawa yana tabbatar da centroid kowane impeller ya daidaita tare da axis juyi, rage girman rashin daidaituwa.

● Ƙarfafa tsarin:

o Matsakaicin matsakaitan matsuguni suna ƙuntata ƙaura.

o Haɗe-haɗe bearings (misali, jigon bugun ball bearings + cylindrical roller bearings) rike axial da radial lodi daban.

● Rayya ta ruwa:

o Jagorar vanes ko dawo da ɗakuna a cikin tsaftataccen ruwa suna inganta hanyoyin kwarara, rage vortices na gida da jujjuyawar ƙarfin radial.

3. Load watsawa a Multi-Stage impellers

Sojojin Axial suna tara mataki-hikima kuma dole ne a sarrafa su don hana yawan damuwa:

● Daidaita-hikimar mataki:Shigar da faifan ma'auni (misali, a cikin fanfuna na centrifugal masu yawa) yana amfani da bambance-bambancen matsa lamba na axial don daidaita ƙarfin axial ta atomatik.

● Inganta taurin kai:Ana yin ɗigon famfo daga gawawwakin ƙarfi mai ƙarfi (misali, 42CrMo) kuma an inganta su ta hanyar bincike mai iyaka (FEA) don iyakokin karkata (yawanci ≤ 0.1 mm/m).

4. Binciken Harka Injiniya da Tabbatar da Lissafi

Example:Famfan injin injin injin sinadarai (matakai 6, jimlar shugaban 300 m, ƙimar kwarara 200 m³/h):

● Lissafin ƙarfin axial:

o Zane na farko (mai tsotsa guda ɗaya): F=K⋅ρ⋅g⋅Q2⋅H (K=1.2−1.5), yana haifar da 1.8×106N.

o Bayan jujjuya zuwa impeller mai tsotsa sau biyu da ƙara ramukan ma'auni: Ƙarfin axial ya rage zuwa 5 × 105N, saduwa da ka'idodin API 610 (≤1.5 × rated ikon jujjuyawar).

● Simulation na Radial load:

o ANSYS Fluent CFD ya bayyana kololuwar matsatsi na gida (har zuwa 12 kN/m²) a cikin na'urorin da ba a inganta su ba. Gabatar da vanes ɗin jagora ya rage kololuwa da kashi 40% da haɓakar zafin jiki da 15 ° C.

5. Mabuɗin Zane da La'akari

● Axial Forancin iyakance: yawanci ≤ 30% na firam na shaft na tenes ƙarfi, tare da jefa zafin jiki ≤ 70 ° C.

● Ikon share fage: Ana kiyaye tsakanin 0.2-0.5 mm (ƙananan yana haifar da gogayya; da yawa yana haifar da zubewa).

● Gwaji mai ƙarfi: Gwaje-gwajen daidaitawa da sauri (G2.5 grade) tabbatar da daidaiton tsarin kafin ƙaddamarwa.

Kammalawa

Daidaita axial da radial lodi inmultistage a tsaye famfo turbine kalubale ne mai rikitarwa na tsarin injiniya wanda ya ƙunshi kuzarin ruwa, ƙirar injina, da kimiyyar kayan aiki. Haɓaka lissafi na impeller, haɗa na'urori masu daidaitawa, da ingantattun hanyoyin masana'antu suna haɓaka amincin famfo da tsawon rayuwa. Ci gaban gaba a cikin simintin ƙididdiga na AI-kore da masana'anta ƙari zai ƙara ba da damar ƙira na musamman da haɓakar kaya mai ƙarfi.

Lura: Ƙirar da aka keɓance don takamaiman aikace-aikace (misali, kaddarorin ruwa, sauri, zafin jiki) dole ne su bi ƙa'idodin ƙasashen duniya kamar API da ISO.