Bombas de caixa bipartida axial  are widely used in industrial and municipal applications due to their high flow capacity, reliable performance, and convenient maintenance features. However, one of the most common and costly failures in these pumps is shaft breakage, which can result in unexpected downtime, production losses, and expensive repairs.

This article explores the main causes of shaft breakage in axial caso dividido pumps and outlines effective prevention strategies. By implementing proper maintenance practices, ensuring correct installation, using quality materials, and adopting real-time monitoring technologies, facilities can significantly reduce the risk of pump shaft failure and maintain long-term operational stability.

Why Do Shaft Breakages Occur in Axial Split Case Pumps?

Understanding the root causes of shaft failure is essential for effective prevention. The most common reasons include:

Operação de sobrecarga:Operating beyond the pump’s rated flow or head puts excessive stress on the shaft and bearings, leading to fatigue and eventual breakage.

Danos no rolamento:Worn or misaligned bearings can increase clearance and cause shaft vibration, creating uneven forces that lead to premature fatigue.

Material Deficiencies:Inferior or improperly selected shaft materials with defects such as inclusions or porosity may not withstand mechanical stresses, increasing the risk of failure.

Instalação imprópria:Misalignment during pump installation can result in uneven load distribution across the shaft, leading to bending stress and cracking over time.

Sudden Impact Loads:During startup or shutdown, sudden hydraulic impacts can exert high instantaneous forces on the shaft, especially if the system lacks proper control measures.

Corrosion and Fatigue:Long-term exposure to corrosive or aggressive fluids can cause surface fatigue and microcracks, eventually compromising shaft integrity.

Lubrificação inadequada:Poor or insufficient lubrication increases friction between moving parts, raises operating temperatures, and accelerates shaft wear.

How to Prevent Shaft Breakage in Axial Split Case Pumps

To reduce the risk of shaft failures, it is critical to adopt a proactive maintenance and operational strategy. The following practices are recommended:

Manutenção e inspeção regulares

Conduct routine inspections of the pump's bearings, seals, and lubrication system.

Monitor shaft alignment and make adjustments when necessary.

Replace worn components before failure occurs.

Reasonable Pump Selection

Choose an axial split case pump that meets actual flow and head requirements.

Avoid selecting pumps with marginal safety margins or oversizing that can lead to inefficiencies and stress.

Control of Operating Conditions

Implement soft start/stop procedures to minimize hydraulic shock loads.

Operate the pump strictly within its rated parameters to avoid mechanical overloading.

Strengthen Lubrication Management

Use high-quality lubricants suitable for the operating environment.

Regularly monitor lubricant levels and replace according to manufacturer guidelines.

Use High-Performance Shaft Materials

Select corrosion-resistant and fatigue-resistant alloys such as duplex stainless steel or high-strength carbon steel.

Work with trusted manufacturers that ensure strict quality control during shaft production.

Train Operators for Proper Use

Provide comprehensive training to operators on pump startup, shutdown, and daily monitoring procedures.

Encourage early reporting of abnormal noises, vibrations, or performance drops.

Install Monitoring and Diagnostic Systems

Use vibration and temperature sensors to continuously monitor pump health.

Early detection of anomalies allows corrective action before major damage occurs.

Ensuring Long-Term Reliability of Axial Split Case Pumps

While shaft breakage is a potential risk in the operation of axial split case pumps, it can be effectively mitigated through proper equipment selection, preventive maintenance, and skilled operation. By understanding the underlying causes and implementing targeted strategies—such as improving lubrication, ensuring precise alignment, using durable materials, and investing in real-time monitoring—enterprises can significantly enhance the reliability of their pumping systems.

Ultimately, reducing shaft failure not only safeguards equipment and minimizes downtime but also contributes to the overall efficiency and profitability of the operation. With continuous improvement in management practices and technical implementation, facilities can create a safer and more stable production environment.