1. Incazelo kanye nemithelela ebalulekile ye-Impeller Gap

Igebe le-impeller lisho ukuphuma kwe-radial phakathi kwe-impeller ne-pump casing (noma iringi ye-vane eqondisayo), ngokuvamile esukela ku-0.2 mm kuya ku-0.5 mm. Lesi sikhala sithinta kakhulu ukusebenza kwe  amaphampu e-multistage mpo ezicini ezimbili eziyinhloko:

● Ukulahleka Kwe-Hydraulic: Izikhala ezidlulele zandisa ukugeleza kokuvuza, kunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-volumetric; izikhala ezincane kakhulu zingabangela ukuguga kwe-friction noma i-cavitation.

● Izici Zokugeleza: Usayizi wegebe uthonya ngokuqondile ukufana kokugeleza endaweni yokukhipha i-impeller, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte amajika ekhanda nokusebenza kahle.

2. Isisekelo Setiyori Sokwenza I-Impeller Gap Optimization

2.1 Ukuthuthukiswa Kokusebenza Kwe-Volumetric

Ukusebenza kahle kwevolumu (ηₛ) kuchazwa njengesilinganiso sokugeleza kokuphumayo kwangempela kokugeleza kwethiyori:

ηₛ = 1 − QQleak

lapho i-Qleak iwukugeleza kokuvuza okubangelwa igebe le-impeller. Ukwandisa igebe kunciphisa kakhulu ukuvuza. Ngokwesibonelo:

● Ukunciphisa igebe kusuka ku-0.3 mm kuya ku-0.2 mm kunciphisa ukuvuza ngo-15-20%.

● Kumaphampu esiteji esiningi, ukuthuthukiswa okuqongelelwe kuzo zonke izigaba kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle okuphelele ngo-5–10%.

2.2 Ukunciphisa Ukulahleka Kwe-Hydraulic

Ukuthuthukisa igebe kuthuthukisa ukugeleza okufanayo endaweni ye-impeller, kunciphisa ukuxokozela futhi ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise ukulahlekelwa kwekhanda. Ngokwesibonelo:

● Ukulingiswa kwe-CFD kubonisa ukuthi ukwehlisa igebe ukusuka ku-0.4 mm kuya ku-0.25 mm kwehlisa amandla e-kinetic anyakazayo ngo-30%, okuhambisana nokwehliswa kuka-4–6% kokusetshenziswa kwamandla kushaft.

2.3 Ukuthuthukiswa Kokusebenza Kwe-Cavitation

Izikhala ezinkulu zandisa ukucindezela komfutho endaweni yokungena, okwandisa ingozi ye-cavitation. Ukuthuthukisa igebe kuzinzisa ukugeleza futhi kuphakamisa imajini ye-NPSHr (net positive suction head), ikakhulukazi esebenza ngaphansi kwezimo zokugeleza okuphansi.

3. Izimo Zokuqinisekisa Nobunjiniyela

3.1 Idatha Yokuhlolwa Kwelabhorethri

Isikhungo socwaningo senze izivivinyo zokuqhathanisa a iphampu ye-turbine enezigaba eziningi (amapharamitha: 2950 rpm, 100 m³/h, 200 m ikhanda).

3.2 Izibonelo Zokusebenza Kwezimboni

● I-Petrochemical Circulation Pump Retrofit: Indawo yokuhluza inciphise igebe le-impeller lisuka ku-0.4 mm laya ku-0.28 mm, yazuza ukonga amandla ngonyaka ka-120 kW·h kanye nokwehliswa ngo-8% ezindlekweni zokusebenza.

● Ukuthuthukiswa Kwephampu Yenkundla Yasolwandle: Ukusebenzisa i-laser interferometry ukulawula igebe (±0.02 mm), ukusebenza kahle kwevolumu yephampu kuthuthuke kusuka ku-81% kuya ku-89%, kuxazululwa izinkinga zokudlidliza ezibangelwa izikhala eziningi.

4. Izindlela Zokuthuthukisa kanye Nezinyathelo Zokusebenzisa

4.1 Imodeli Yezibalo Yokuthuthukisa Igebe

Ngokusekelwe emithethweni yokufana kwephampu eyi-centrifugal nama-coefficients okulungisa, ubudlelwano phakathi kwegebe nokusebenza kahle yilokhu:

η = η₀(1 − k·δD)

lapho u-δ eyivelu ye-gap, u-D uwububanzi be-impeller, futhi u-k uyi-coefficient ye-empirical (imvamisa engu-0.1–0.3).

4.2 Ubuchwepheshe Bokusebenzisa Okubalulekile

●Ukukhiqiza Okunembayo: Imishini ye-CNC namathuluzi okugaya afinyelela ukunemba kwezinga lemitha elincane (IT7–IT8) kuma-impeller nama-casings.

●Ukukalwa kwe-In-Situ: Amathuluzi okuqondanisa i-laser namageji okuqina kwe-ultrasonic aqapha izikhala ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa ukuze kugwenywe ukuchezuka.

● Ukulungiswa Okunamandla: Okwemidiya yezinga eliphezulu lokushisa noma ebolayo, izindandatho zokuvala ezishintshwayo ezinokulungiswa okuhle okusekelwe kubhawodi kusetshenziswa.

4.3 Ukucatshangelwa

● Ibhalansi ye-Friction-Wear: Izikhala ezingaphansi kosayizi zandisa ukuguga kwemishini; ubulukhuni bezinto ezibonakalayo (isb, i-Cr12MoV yama-impeller, i-HT250 yama-casings) kanye nezimo zokusebenza kufanele zilinganiswe.

● Isinxephezelo Sokunweba Okushisayo: Izikhala ezigciniwe (0.03–0.05 mm) ziyadingeka ekufakweni kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu (isb., amaphampu kawoyela ashisayo).

5. Amathrendi Akusasa

●Idizayini Yedijithali: Ama-algorithms wokwenza ngcono asuselwa ku-AI (isb, ama-algorithms wofuzo) azonquma ngokushesha izikhala ezilungile.

●Ukukhiqiza Okungeziwe: Ukuphrinta kwe-Metal 3D kwenza imiklamo ehlanganisiwe ye-impeller-casing, inciphise amaphutha omhlangano.

●Ukuqapha Okuhlakaniphile: Izinzwa ze-Fiber-optic ezibhangqwe namawele edijithali zizonika amandla ukuqapha kwegebe ngesikhathi sangempela nokubikezela ukonakaliswa kokusebenza.

Isiphetho

I-Impeller gap optimization ingenye yezindlela eziqondile zokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwephampu ye-turbine eqondile yezigaba eziningi. Ukuhlanganisa ukukhiqiza okunembayo, ukulungisa okuguquguqukayo, nokuqapha okuhlakaniphile kungazuza izinzuzo ezisebenza kahle zika-5–15%, kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, kanye nezindleko zokunakekela eziphansi. Ngokuthuthuka kwezobuciko kanye nezibalo, ukuthuthukiswa kwegebe kuzothuthukela ekunembeni okuphezulu nasekuhlakanipheni, kube ubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo bokubuyisela kabusha amandla ephampu.

Qaphela: Izixazululo zobunjiniyela obusebenzayo kufanele zihlanganise izakhiwo ezimaphakathi, izimo zokusebenza, kanye nemikhawulo yezindleko, eziqinisekiswe ngokuhlaziywa kwezindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila (LCC).